气箱脉冲袋除尘器是烘干系统中的一个关键系统,对系统整体性能的提升起着至关重要的左右,以下整理了该除尘系统的详细中英文使用说明书:
一 性能特点
气箱脉冲袋除尘器是一种高效除尘器。它综合分室反吹和喷吹脉冲等除尘器的优点,克服了分室反吹时动能强度不够和喷吹脉冲清灰过滤同时进行的缺点,因而增强了使用适应性,提高了收尘效率,延长了滤袋使用寿命。滤袋上口不设文氏管,也没有喷吹管,降低了工作阻力,使检修、维护都相当简便,电磁脉冲阀具有控制灵敏、效率高、寿命长等特点。目前,这种型式的袋除尘器已被广泛选用。
Part 1 Performance characteristics
Plenum pulse bag type collector is a kind of de-dusting equipment with high efficiency. It combines many advantages of collectors including loculose anti-blow and pulse blow, and it has solved the disadvantages of deficiency of kinetic energy strength in loculose anti-blow and pulse blow de-dusting running in the same time, improved the applicability and de-dusting efficiency, extended life span of the bag. There’s no venturi tube in the mouth of bag or blowing tube, that reduces working resistance and makes examining and repairing easy. Electromagnetic pulse valve is of these characters: be sensitive to control, high efficiency, long life span and so on. At present, this type dust collector has been used widely.
二 基本结构及工作原理
1 结构:
气箱脉冲式袋除尘器的主要结构是,主体由箱体和袋室(一体),灰斗、进出风口(包括螺旋输送机和卸灰阀),爬梯、栏杆、气路系统(包括离线气缸、电磁脉冲阀、压力气包等)、清灰控制器等。
Part 2 Basic structure and working principle
1 Structure
Main structures of plenum pulse bag type collector are as followers: box body and bag compartment (integrative), dust store bin, wind inlet and outlet (including screw conveyer and cinder valve), ladder, baluster, air passage system (including offline pneumatic cylinder, electromagnetic pulse valve, compressed air bag), de-dusting controller and so on.
(1)箱体
箱体主要是固定袋笼、滤袋及气路元件之用,并制成全密闭形式,清灰时,压缩空气首先进入箱体,并冲入各滤袋内部。箱体顶部做成1.5度斜面,在户外使用时可防止积水,顶部还设有人孔检修门,安装和更换袋笼、滤袋全部在这里进行,十分方便。根据规格不同,箱体内又分成若干个室,相互之间均用钢板隔开,互不透气,以实现离线清灰,每个室内均设有一个提升阀,以通断过滤烟气流。
(1) Box body
Box body is mainly used to fix cage, filter bag and air passage components, made into whole close from. Compressed air enters into box body first, and crushes inside of the filter bag while collector is de-dusting. Box body is made into 1.5 degree inclined plane, that can be prevented from seeper when used in the open air. There’s a door where someone can examine and repair on the top, installing and replacing cage, filter bag are all done here, that is very convenient. According to the difference of specification, box body is divided into some compartments separated by armor plate between them and impermeable by air, offline de-dusting will come true. There’s a lift valve in each compartment, which breaks and filtrate smoke current of air.
(2)袋室
袋室在箱体的下部,主要用来容纳袋笼和滤袋,并形成一个过滤空间,烟气的净化主要在这里进行,同箱体一样,根据规格的不同也分成若干个室,并用钢板隔开,以防在清灰时各室之间的相互干扰,同时形成一定的沉降空间。
在袋室的壁板上,每个室设一个泄爆孔,共8个泄爆孔。
选煤设备,在选煤的过程中,虽有些煤粉产生,进入除尘的煤粉浓度又远小于65g/m3,除尘器可不设泄爆孔。虽然如此,除尘器的滤袋采用防静电滤料。在袋室壁板上按壁板位置结构设泄爆孔,泄爆孔面积0.3m2,材质选用厚度等于1mm的L2-M退火的工业纯铝板,工业铝板的抗拉强度约为60Mpa,与厚度等于4mm的碳结构钢壁板抗拉强度不小于375Mpa的抗拉强度比较,泄爆孔是可以起到泄爆作用,保证除尘器安全运行。
(2)Bag compartment
Bag compartment is in the below of the box body, mainly used to contain cage and filter bag and from a filtration space, cleaning of smoke is mostly done here. Like the box body, according to the difference of specification, bag compartment is divided into some compartments separated by armor plate between them and prevented from disturbing, at the same time it forms one sedimentation space.
There’s a leaked explosive hole on the wainscot of each compartment, the number of leaked explosive hole is 8.
Coal preparation equipment, there’re some coal fines produced in the process of coal preparation, but concentration of coal fine is far less than 65g/m3, so collector must not set leaked explosive holes. Even so, the filter bag should adopt antistatic filter material. You set leaked explosive hole whose area is 0.3m2 according to the structure of wainscot position. Choose the material whose thickness is equal to 1 mm L2-M anneal industrial pure aluminum plank, and the anti-pulls strength of industrial pure aluminum plank is 60Mpa, compared with the anti-pulls strength that is not less than 375Mpa of the carbon structure steel wall plank that the thickness is equal to 4 mm. The leaked explosive hole can ensure that dust collector operates in a safe condition.
(3)灰斗
灰斗布置在袋室的下部,它存放收集下来的粉尘。当含尘气体进入袋室前先进入灰斗,由于灰斗内容积大,使得气流速度降低,加之气流方向的改变,使得较粗的尘籽在这里得到分离,灰斗内布置有螺旋输送机设备,出口还设有回转卸料器或翻板阀等锁风设备,可连续进行排灰。
(3)Dust store bin
Dust store bin is below of the bag compartment, used to store collected dust. Dust-laden gas enter into dust store bin first before into bag compartment, that the speed of gas falls and the direction of current.
(4)进出风口
进出风口根据除尘器的结构形式分二种,32系列的进风口为圆筒型,直接焊在灰斗的侧板上,出风口安排在箱体下部,袋室侧面,通过提升阀板孔与箱体内部相通,其它系列的进出风口制成一体,安排在袋室侧面,箱体和灰斗之间,中间用斜隔板隔成互不透气的二部分,分别为进气和出气口,这种结构形式体积虽大一些,但气流分布均匀,灰斗内预收尘效果好,适合于烟气含尘浓度较大的场合使用。
(4)Wind inlet and outlet
There are two kinds of wind inlet and outlet according to the structure of the duster. The wind inlet of the 32 series is a cylinder type, and is directly welded on the lateral plate of the dust store bin. The wind outlet is in the bottom, at the side of the bag compartment, connected with inner side of the bag compartment by the plate hole of the lift valve to, other series of wind inlet and outlet are made into to a whole, put on the side of the bag compartment. The bag compartment is separated two parts from the dust store bin by a slant board, with one part as the inlet and the other outlet. Though this structure is of a big volume, the air is evenly distributed, with a good effect, and suitable for occasions where dust-laden gas is of a great concentration.
2 气箱脉冲式袋除尘器的工作原理:
当含尘烟气由进风口进入灰斗以后,一部分较粗尘料在这时由于惯性碰撞、自然沉降等原因落入灰斗,大部分尘粒随气流上升进入袋室,经滤袋过滤后,尘粒被阻留在滤袋外侧,净化的烟气由滤袋内部进入箱体,再由阀板孔、出风口排入大气,达到收尘的目的,随着过滤过程的不断进行,滤袋外侧的积尘也逐渐增多,从而使除尘器的运行阻力也逐渐增高,当阻力增到预先设定值(1245-1470Pa)时,清灰控制器发生信号,首先控制提升阀将阀板孔关闭,以切断过滤烟气流,停止过滤过程,然后电磁脉冲阀打开,以极短时间(0.01-0.12s)向箱体内喷入压力为0.5-0.7Mpa的压缩空气,压缩空气在箱体内迅速膨胀,涌入滤袋内部,使滤袋产生变形、震动,加上逆气流的作用,滤袋外部的粉尘便清除下来掉到灰斗,清灰完毕之后,提升阀再次打开,除尘器又进入过滤状态。
2 Working principle of plenum pulse bag type collector
When dust-laden gas enters the dust store bin from the inlet, some heavier dust drops into the dust store bin as a result of habitual collision and free settling, large amount of dust follow the rising air current and enter into the inside of bag compartment. Dust is detained outside the filter bag after being filtered by filter bags, and the purified gas goes into the bag compartment from inside the filter bag, then discharged into the air through the hole of the valve board and the outlet. As it goes on and on, the dust detained outside the filter bag increases, so it causes operating resistance of dust collector rising. If the resistance rises to the pre-set number(1245-1470Pa), the controller will send out signals, first to control the lift valve to do these operations: close the hole of the valve board to cut air current and stop filtering, and then to open the electromagnetic pulse valve to blow compressed air whose pressure is 0.5-0.7Mpa into filter bag with a short time(0.01-0.12s). The compressed air immediately expands and swarms into filter bag, that make the bag to distort and vibrate, adding the effect of adverse air current, the dust detained outside of filter bag is dropped into the dust store bin. After the de-dusting is finished, lift valve open again, and dust collector begin filtering once more.
气箱脉冲式袋除尘器是由多个室组成的,清灰时,各室分别顺序进行,这就是分室离线清灰,其优点是清灰的室和正在过滤的室互不干扰,实现了长期连续作业,提高了清灰效果。
Plenum pulse bag type collector is made up of several compartments, where de-dusting is in order, and this is compartment-by-compartment off-line de-dusting. Its advantages are that the de-dusting compartment and the filtering compartment do not interfere each other, help realizing long-term consecutive operating and improve de-dusting effect.